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===Campaign of Autumn 1281=== [[Image:1281BattleOfHoms.JPG|thumb|Defeat of the Mongols (left) at the 1281 [[Second Battle of Homs|Battle of Homs]].]] In order to prevent new combined actions between the Franks and the Mongols, the new Muslim sultan [[Qalawun]] signed a new 10-year truce on May 3, 1281 (following the expiration of the old truce from 1271) with the Barons of Acre (a truce he would later breach)<ref>Qalawun inadvertanly laid siege to, and captured, [[Marqab]] in the spring of 1285. Grousset, p.692</ref> and a second 10-year truce with [[Bohemond VII of Tripoli]], on July 16, 1281. The truce also authorized pilgrim access to Jerusalem.<ref>Grousset, p. 688</ref> The announced Mongol invasion started in September 1281. They were joined by the Armenians under [[Levon II of Armenia|Leo II]], and by about 200 [[Knights Hospitaller|Hospitaliers]] knights of the fortress of [[Marqab]],<ref>Grousset, p.687</ref><ref>"The Crusades Through Arab Eyes", p. 253: The fortress of [[Marqab]] was held by the [[Knights Hospitallers]], called ''al-osbitar'' by the Arabs, "''These monk-knights had supported the Mongols wholeheartedly, going so far as to fight alongside them during a fresh attempted invasion in 1281."</ref> who considered they were not bound by the truce with the Mamluks.<ref name=runciman-391/> Some knights from Cyprus also probably accompanied them.<ref>The “Syrian knights” were probably including knights from Cyprus. in Jean Richard, p.466</ref> {{quote|"In the year 1281 of the incarnation of Christ, the Tatars left their realm, crossed Aygues Froides with a very great army and invaded the land of [[Aleppo]], [[Hama]]n and [[La Chemele]] and did great damage to the Sarazins and killed many, and with them were the king of Armenia and some Frank knights of Syria."|Le Chevalier de Tyre, Chap. 407<ref>Original French:"En lan de .m. et .cc. et .lxxxi. de lincarnasion de Crist les Tatars nyssirent de lor terres et passerent les Aygues Froides a mout grant host et coururent la terre de Halape et de Haman et de La Chemele et la saresterent et firent grant damage as Sarazins et en tuerent ases et fu le roy dermenie aveuc yaus et aucuns chevaliers frans de Surie." [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/GuillaumeTyr5.html Guillame de Tyr "Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum"]. Nota: "Aucuns" means "several", "some" in 13th century French [http://www.langue-fr.net/index/A/aucun.htm Online French dictionary], and is always used with this meaning in Le Chevalier de Tyre.</ref>}} <!-- recommending quote for deletion or moving to Wikiquote --> On October 30, 1281, 50,000 Mongol troops, together with 30,000 Armenians, [[Georgians]], Greeks, and the [[Hospitalier]] Knights of Marqab fought against the Muslim leader Qalawun at the [[Second Battle of Homs]], but they were repelled, with heavy losses on both sides.<ref name=runciman-391>"Mangu Timur commanded the Mongol centre, with other Mongol princes on his left, and on his right his Georgian auxiliaries, with King Leo and the Hospitallers", Runciman, p391-392</ref> With Abaqa's death in 1282, and his replacement by the Muslim Mongol ruler [[Teguder]], the Sultan [[Qalawun]] was free again to attacks Frankish territory.<ref>Tyerman, p.817</ref>
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